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Брой: 2/1997
Автор: В. Христов, М. Боянов, П. Попиванов, А. Проданова, Клиника по ендокринология, КВБ, Медицински университет – София
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Author: V. Christov, M. Boyanov, P. Popivanov, A. Prodanova, Clinic of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Diseases, Medical University, Sofiа
Abstract:
The insulin resistance syndrome has been defined by Gerald Reaven in 1988. This revew focuses the attention on its features and possible clinical implications. A short recapitulation of historical advances on the topic is made. Epidemiological data supporting the existence of the metabolic syndrome and the key role of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia are briefly outlisted. Posssible etiological factors are discussed, such as postreceptor defects in the muscles and liver, the role of upper-body obesity and others. The involvement of the central nervous system is emphasized as well as the so called thrifty genotype. The pathophysiology of the insulin resistance syndrome is discussed in details. The role of the four key-players; the muscles, the liver, the intraabdominal fat and the pancreatic beta-cells, is displayed. The consequent metabolic disturbances such as hyperlipidaemia, hypercoagulation, hypertension and the early onset of atherosclerosis are shown. It is clearly stated, that insulin resistance can lead directly to an increase of cardiovascular diasease risk and to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Although hereditary, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia can be prevented or at least delayed by proper lifestyle, diet and physical exercise.
Keywords: Insulin resistance, Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathophysiology, CVD risk
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